evdevInputDevice.cxx

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/**
 * PANDA 3D SOFTWARE
 * Copyright (c) Carnegie Mellon University.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * All use of this software is subject to the terms of the revised BSD
 * license.  You should have received a copy of this license along
 * with this source code in a file named "LICENSE."
 *
 * @file evdevInputDevice.cxx
 * @author rdb
 * @date 2015-08-24
 */
 
#include "evdevInputDevice.h"
 
#ifdef PHAVE_LINUX_INPUT_H
 
#include "gamepadButton.h"
#include "keyboardButton.h"
#include "mouseButton.h"
#include "linuxInputDeviceManager.h"
 
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <linux/input.h>
 
#ifndef BTN_DPAD_UP
#define BTN_DPAD_UP 0x220
#define BTN_DPAD_DOWN 0x221
#define BTN_DPAD_LEFT 0x222
#define BTN_DPAD_RIGHT 0x223
#endif
 
 
// Android introduces these in API level 21.
#ifndef BTN_TRIGGER_HAPPY
#define BTN_TRIGGER_HAPPY 0x2c0
#define BTN_TRIGGER_HAPPY1 0x2c0
#define BTN_TRIGGER_HAPPY2 0x2c1
#define BTN_TRIGGER_HAPPY3 0x2c2
#define BTN_TRIGGER_HAPPY4 0x2c3
#endif
 
#define test_bit(bit, array) ((array)[(bit)>>3] & (1<<((bit)&7)))
 
enum QuirkBits {
  // Right stick uses Z and Rz inputs.
  QB_rstick_from_z = 1,
 
  // Throttle goes from -1 to 1 rather than from 0 to 1.
  QB_centered_throttle = 2,
 
  // Throttle is reversed.
  QB_reversed_throttle = 4,
 
  // Only consider the device "connected" if all axes are non-zero.
  QB_connect_if_nonzero = 8,
 
  // ABS_THROTTLE maps to rudder
  QB_rudder_from_throttle = 16,
 
  // Special handling for Steam Controller, which has many peculiarities.
  // We only connect it if it is reporting any events, because when Steam is
  // running, the Steam controller is muted in favour of a dummy Xbox device.
  QB_steam_controller = 32,
 
  // Axes on the right stick are swapped, using x for y and vice versa.
  QB_right_axes_swapped = 64,
 
  // Has no trigger axes.
  QB_no_analog_triggers = 128,
 
  // Alternate button mapping.
  QB_alt_button_mapping = 256,
};
 
static const struct DeviceMapping {
  unsigned short vendor;
  unsigned short product;
  InputDevice::DeviceClass device_class;
  int quirks;
} mapping_presets[] = {
  // NVIDIA Shield Controller
  {0x0955, 0x7214, InputDevice::DeviceClass::gamepad, QB_rstick_from_z},
  // T.Flight Hotas X
  {0x044f, 0xb108, InputDevice::DeviceClass::flight_stick, QB_centered_throttle | QB_reversed_throttle | QB_rudder_from_throttle},
  // Xbox 360 Wireless Controller
  {0x045e, 0x0719, InputDevice::DeviceClass::gamepad, QB_connect_if_nonzero},
  // Steam Controller (wired)
  {0x28de, 0x1102, InputDevice::DeviceClass::unknown, QB_steam_controller},
  // Steam Controller (wireless)
  {0x28de, 0x1142, InputDevice::DeviceClass::unknown, QB_steam_controller},
  // Jess Tech Colour Rumble Pad
  {0x0f30, 0x0111, InputDevice::DeviceClass::gamepad, QB_rstick_from_z | QB_right_axes_swapped},
  // Trust GXT 24
  {0x0079, 0x0006, InputDevice::DeviceClass::gamepad, QB_no_analog_triggers | QB_alt_button_mapping},
  // 8bitdo N30 Pro Controller
  {0x2dc8, 0x9001, InputDevice::DeviceClass::gamepad, QB_rstick_from_z},
  // Generic gamepad
  {0x0810, 0x0001, InputDevice::DeviceClass::gamepad, QB_no_analog_triggers | QB_alt_button_mapping | QB_rstick_from_z | QB_right_axes_swapped},
  // Generic gamepad without sticks
  {0x0810, 0xe501, InputDevice::DeviceClass::gamepad, QB_no_analog_triggers | QB_alt_button_mapping},
  // 3Dconnexion Space Traveller 3D Mouse
  {0x046d, 0xc623, InputDevice::DeviceClass::spatial_mouse, 0},
  // 3Dconnexion Space Pilot 3D Mouse
  {0x046d, 0xc625, InputDevice::DeviceClass::spatial_mouse, 0},
  // 3Dconnexion Space Navigator 3D Mouse
  {0x046d, 0xc626, InputDevice::DeviceClass::spatial_mouse, 0},
  // 3Dconnexion Space Explorer 3D Mouse
  {0x046d, 0xc627, InputDevice::DeviceClass::spatial_mouse, 0},
  // 3Dconnexion Space Navigator for Notebooks
  {0x046d, 0xc628, InputDevice::DeviceClass::spatial_mouse, 0},
  // 3Dconnexion SpacePilot Pro 3D Mouse
  {0x046d, 0xc629, InputDevice::DeviceClass::spatial_mouse, 0},
  // 3Dconnexion Space Mouse Pro
  {0x046d, 0xc62b, InputDevice::DeviceClass::spatial_mouse, 0},
  {0},
};
 
TypeHandle EvdevInputDevice::_type_handle;
 
/**
 * Creates a new device representing the evdev device with the given index.
 */
EvdevInputDevice::
EvdevInputDevice(LinuxInputDeviceManager *manager, size_t index) :
  _manager(manager),
  _index(index),
  _fd(-1),
  _can_write(false),
  _ff_id(-1),
  _ff_playing(false),
  _ff_strong(-1),
  _ff_weak(-1),
  _dpad_x_axis(-1),
  _dpad_y_axis(-1),
  _dpad_left_button(-1),
  _dpad_up_button(-1),
  _ltrigger_code(-1),
  _rtrigger_code(-1),
  _quirks(0) {
 
  char path[64];
  sprintf(path, "/dev/input/event%zd", index);
 
  _fd = open(path, O_RDWR | O_NONBLOCK);
  if (_fd >= 0) {
    _can_write = true;
  } else {
    // On failure, open device as read-only.
    _fd = open(path, O_RDONLY | O_NONBLOCK);
  }
 
  if (_fd >= 0) {
    init_device();
  } else {
    _is_connected = false;
    device_cat.error()
      << "Opening raw input device: " << strerror(errno) << " " << path << "\n";
  }
}
 
/**
 *
 */
EvdevInputDevice::
~EvdevInputDevice() {
  if (_fd != -1) {
    if (_ff_id != -1) {
      // Remove force-feedback effect.
      do_set_vibration(0, 0);
      ioctl(_fd, EVIOCRMFF, _ff_id);
      _ff_id = -1;
    }
 
    close(_fd);
    _fd = -1;
  }
}
 
/**
 * Sets the vibration strength.  The first argument controls a low-frequency
 * motor, if present, and the latter controls a high-frequency motor.
 * The values are within the 0-1 range.
 */
void EvdevInputDevice::
do_set_vibration(double strong, double weak) {
  if (_fd == -1 || !_can_write) {
    return;
  }
 
  int strong_level = strong * 0xffff;
  int weak_level = weak * 0xffff;
 
  if (strong_level == _ff_strong && weak_level == _ff_weak) {
    // No change.
    return;
  }
 
  // Upload the new effect parameters.  Do this even if we are about
  // to stop the effect, because some drivers don't respond to simply
  // stopping the effect.
  struct ff_effect effect;
  effect.type = FF_RUMBLE;
  effect.id = _ff_id;
  effect.direction = 0;
  effect.trigger.button = 0;
  effect.trigger.interval = 0;
  effect.replay.length = 0;
  effect.replay.delay = 0;
  effect.u.rumble.strong_magnitude = strong_level;
  effect.u.rumble.weak_magnitude = weak_level;
 
  if (ioctl(_fd, EVIOCSFF, &effect) < 0) {
    return;
  } else {
    _ff_id = effect.id;
    _ff_strong = strong_level;
    _ff_weak = weak_level;
  }
 
  if (!_ff_playing) {
    // Start the effect.  We could pass 0 as value to stop the effect
    // when a level of 0 is requested, but my driver seems to ignore it.
    _ff_playing = true;
 
    struct input_event play;
    play.type = EV_FF;
    play.code = _ff_id;
    play.value = 1;
 
    if (write(_fd, &play, sizeof(play)) < 0) {
      device_cat.warning()
        << "Failed to write force-feedback event: " << strerror(errno) << "\n";
    }
  }
}
 
/**
 * Special case for Steam controllers; called if a Steam virtual device has
 * just been disconnected, and this is currently an inactive Steam Controller
 * previously blocked by Steam, waiting to be reactivated.
 * Returns true if the device has just been reconnected.
 */
bool EvdevInputDevice::
reactivate_steam_controller() {
  LightMutexHolder holder(_lock);
  if (!_is_connected && (_quirks & QB_steam_controller) != 0) {
    // Just check to make sure the device is still readable.
    process_events();
    if (_fd != -1) {
      _is_connected = true;
      return true;
    }
  }
  return false;
}
 
/**
 * Polls the input device for new activity, to ensure it contains the latest
 * events.  This will only have any effect for some types of input devices;
 * others may be updated automatically, and this method will be a no-op.
 */
void EvdevInputDevice::
do_poll() {
  if (_fd != -1 && process_events()) {
    while (process_events()) {}
 
    // If we got events, we are obviously connected.  Mark us so.
    if (!_is_connected && _fd != -1) {
      _is_connected = true;
      if (_manager != nullptr) {
        _manager->add_device(this);
      }
    }
  }
}
 
/**
 * Reads basic properties from the device.
 */
bool EvdevInputDevice::
init_device() {
  using std::string;
 
  nassertr(_fd >= 0, false);
 
  LightMutexHolder holder(_lock);
 
  uint8_t evtypes[(EV_MAX + 8) >> 3] = {0};
  char name[128];
  if (ioctl(_fd, EVIOCGNAME(sizeof(name)), name) < 0 ||
      ioctl(_fd, EVIOCGBIT(0, sizeof(evtypes)), evtypes) < 0) {
    close(_fd);
    _fd = -1;
    _is_connected = false;
    device_cat.error() << "Opening raw input device: ioctl failed\n";
    return false;
  }
 
  _name.assign(name);
  //cerr << "##### Now initializing device " << name << "\n";
 
  struct input_id id;
  if (ioctl(_fd, EVIOCGID, &id) >= 0) {
    _vendor_id = id.vendor;
    _product_id = id.product;
  }
 
  bool all_values_zero = true;
  bool emulate_dpad = true;
  bool have_analog_triggers = false;
 
  bool has_keys = false;
  bool has_axes = false;
 
  uint8_t keys[(KEY_MAX + 8) >> 3] = {0};
  if (test_bit(EV_KEY, evtypes)) {
    // Check which buttons are on the device.
    ioctl(_fd, EVIOCGBIT(EV_KEY, sizeof(keys)), keys);
    has_keys = true;
 
    if (test_bit(KEY_A, keys) && test_bit(KEY_Z, keys)) {
      enable_feature(Feature::keyboard);
    }
  }
 
  int num_bits = 0;
  uint8_t axes[(ABS_MAX + 8) >> 3] = {0};
  if (test_bit(EV_ABS, evtypes)) {
    // Check which axes are on the device.
    num_bits = ioctl(_fd, EVIOCGBIT(EV_ABS, sizeof(axes)), axes) << 3;
    has_axes = true;
  }
 
  // Do we have a preset device mapping?
  int quirks = 0;
  const DeviceMapping *mapping = mapping_presets;
  while (mapping->vendor != 0) {
    if (_vendor_id == mapping->vendor && _product_id == mapping->product) {
      _device_class = mapping->device_class;
      quirks = mapping->quirks;
      break;
    }
    ++mapping;
  }
 
  // The Steam Controller reports as multiple devices, one of which a gamepad.
  if (quirks & QB_steam_controller) {
    if (test_bit(BTN_GAMEPAD, keys)) {
      _device_class = DeviceClass::gamepad;
 
      // If we have a virtual gamepad on the system, then careful: if Steam is
      // running, it may disable its own gamepad in favour of the virtual
      // device it registers.  If the virtual device is present, we will only
      // register this gamepad as connected when it registers input.
      if (_manager->has_virtual_device(0x28de, 0x11ff)) {
        device_cat.debug()
          << "Detected Steam virtual gamepad, disabling Steam Controller\n";
        quirks |= QB_connect_if_nonzero;
      }
    }
  }
  _quirks = quirks;
 
  // Try to detect which type of device we have here
  if (_device_class == DeviceClass::unknown) {
    int device_scores[(size_t)DeviceClass::digitizer + 1] = {0};
 
    // Test for specific keys
    if (test_bit(BTN_GAMEPAD, keys) && test_bit(ABS_X, axes) && test_bit(ABS_RX, axes)) {
      device_scores[(size_t)DeviceClass::gamepad] += 5;
      device_scores[(size_t)DeviceClass::steering_wheel] += 5;
      device_scores[(size_t)DeviceClass::flight_stick] += 5;
    }
 
    if (test_bit(ABS_WHEEL, axes) && test_bit(ABS_GAS, axes) && test_bit(ABS_BRAKE, axes)) {
      device_scores[(size_t)DeviceClass::steering_wheel] += 10;
    }
    if (test_bit(BTN_GEAR_DOWN, keys) && test_bit(BTN_GEAR_UP, keys)) {
      device_scores[(size_t)DeviceClass::steering_wheel] += 10;
    }
    if (test_bit(BTN_JOYSTICK, keys) && test_bit(ABS_X, axes)) {
      device_scores[(size_t)DeviceClass::flight_stick] += 10;
    }
    if (test_bit(BTN_MOUSE, keys) && test_bit(EV_REL, evtypes)) {
      device_scores[(size_t)DeviceClass::mouse] += 20;
    }
    if (test_bit(BTN_DIGI, keys) && test_bit(EV_ABS, evtypes)) {
      device_scores[(size_t)DeviceClass::digitizer] += 20;
    }
    uint8_t unknown_keys[] = {KEY_POWER};
    for (int i = 0; i < 1; i++) {
      if (test_bit(unknown_keys[i], keys)) {
        if (unknown_keys[i] == KEY_POWER) {
        }
        device_scores[(size_t)DeviceClass::unknown] += 20;
      }
    }
    if (_features & (unsigned int)Feature::keyboard) {
      device_scores[(size_t)DeviceClass::keyboard] += 20;
    }
 
    // Test for specific name tags
    string lowercase_name = _name;
    for(size_t x = 0; x < _name.length(); ++x) {
      lowercase_name[x] = tolower(lowercase_name[x]);
    }
    if (lowercase_name.find("gamepad") != string::npos) {
      device_scores[(size_t)DeviceClass::gamepad] += 10;
    }
    if (lowercase_name.find("wheel") != string::npos) {
      device_scores[(size_t)DeviceClass::steering_wheel] += 10;
    }
    if (lowercase_name.find("mouse") != string::npos || lowercase_name.find("touchpad") != string::npos) {
      device_scores[(size_t)DeviceClass::mouse] += 10;
    }
    if (lowercase_name.find("keyboard") != string::npos) {
      device_scores[(size_t)DeviceClass::keyboard] += 10;
    }
    // List of lowercase names that occur in unknown devices
    string unknown_names[] = {"video bus", "power button", "sleep button"};
    for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
      if (lowercase_name.find(unknown_names[i]) != string::npos) {
        device_scores[(size_t)DeviceClass::unknown] += 20;
      }
    }
 
    // Check which device type got the most points
    int highest_score = 0;
    for (size_t i = 0; i <= (size_t)DeviceClass::digitizer; i++) {
      if (device_scores[i] > highest_score) {
        highest_score = device_scores[i];
        _device_class = (DeviceClass)i;
      }
    }
    //std::cerr << "Found highscore class " << _device_class << " with this score: " << highest_score << "\n";
  }
 
  if (has_keys) {
    // Also check whether the buttons are currently pressed.
    uint8_t states[(KEY_MAX + 8) >> 3] = {0};
    ioctl(_fd, EVIOCGKEY(sizeof(states)), states);
 
    for (int i = 0; i <= KEY_MAX; ++i) {
      if (test_bit(i, keys)) {
        ButtonState button;
        button.handle = map_button(i, _device_class, quirks);
 
        int button_index = (int)_buttons.size();
        if (button.handle == ButtonHandle::none()) {
          if (device_cat.is_debug()) {
            device_cat.debug() << "Unmapped /dev/input/event" << _index
              << " button " << button_index << ": 0x" << std::hex << i << std::dec << "\n";
          }
        }
 
        if (test_bit(i, states)) {
          button._state = S_down;
          all_values_zero = false;
        } else {
          button._state = S_up;
        }
        if (button.handle == GamepadButton::dpad_left()) {
          emulate_dpad = false;
        } else if (button.handle == GamepadButton::ltrigger()) {
          _ltrigger_code = i;
        } else if (button.handle == GamepadButton::rtrigger()) {
          _rtrigger_code = i;
        }
 
        _buttons.push_back(button);
        if ((size_t)i >= _button_indices.size()) {
          _button_indices.resize(i + 1, -1);
        }
        _button_indices[i] = button_index;
      }
    }
  }
 
  if (has_axes) {
    _axis_indices.resize(num_bits, -1);
 
    for (int i = 0; i < num_bits; ++i) {
      if (test_bit(i, axes)) {
        Axis axis = Axis::none;
        switch (i) {
        case ABS_X:
          if (_device_class == DeviceClass::gamepad) {
            axis = InputDevice::Axis::left_x;
          } else if (_device_class == DeviceClass::flight_stick) {
            axis = InputDevice::Axis::roll;
          } else {
            axis = InputDevice::Axis::x;
          }
          break;
        case ABS_Y:
          if (_device_class == DeviceClass::gamepad) {
            axis = InputDevice::Axis::left_y;
          } else if (_device_class == DeviceClass::flight_stick) {
            axis = InputDevice::Axis::pitch;
          } else {
            axis = InputDevice::Axis::y;
          }
          break;
        case ABS_Z:
          if (quirks & QB_rstick_from_z) {
            if (quirks & QB_right_axes_swapped) {
              axis = InputDevice::Axis::right_y;
            } else {
              axis = InputDevice::Axis::right_x;
            }
          } else if (_device_class == DeviceClass::gamepad) {
            if ((quirks & QB_no_analog_triggers) == 0) {
              axis = InputDevice::Axis::left_trigger;
              have_analog_triggers = true;
            }
          } else if (_device_class == DeviceClass::spatial_mouse) {
            axis = InputDevice::Axis::z;
          } else {
            axis = InputDevice::Axis::throttle;
          }
          break;
        case ABS_RX:
          if (_device_class == DeviceClass::spatial_mouse) {
            axis = InputDevice::Axis::pitch;
          } else if ((quirks & QB_rstick_from_z) == 0) {
            axis = InputDevice::Axis::right_x;
          }
          break;
        case ABS_RY:
          if (_device_class == DeviceClass::spatial_mouse) {
            axis = InputDevice::Axis::roll;
          } else if ((quirks & QB_rstick_from_z) == 0) {
            axis = InputDevice::Axis::right_y;
          }
          break;
        case ABS_RZ:
          if (quirks & QB_rstick_from_z) {
            if (quirks & QB_right_axes_swapped) {
              axis = InputDevice::Axis::right_x;
            } else {
              axis = InputDevice::Axis::right_y;
            }
          } else if (_device_class == DeviceClass::gamepad) {
            if ((quirks & QB_no_analog_triggers) == 0) {
              axis = InputDevice::Axis::right_trigger;
              have_analog_triggers = true;
            } else {
              // Special weird case for Trust GXT 24
              axis = InputDevice::Axis::right_y;
            }
          } else {
            axis = InputDevice::Axis::yaw;
          }
          break;
        case ABS_THROTTLE:
          if (quirks & QB_rudder_from_throttle) {
            axis = InputDevice::Axis::rudder;
          } else {
            axis = InputDevice::Axis::throttle;
          }
          break;
        case ABS_RUDDER:
          axis = InputDevice::Axis::rudder;
          break;
        case ABS_WHEEL:
          axis = InputDevice::Axis::wheel;
          break;
        case ABS_GAS:
          if (_device_class == DeviceClass::gamepad) {
            if ((quirks & QB_no_analog_triggers) == 0) {
              axis = InputDevice::Axis::right_trigger;
              have_analog_triggers = true;
            }
          } else {
            axis = InputDevice::Axis::accelerator;
          }
          break;
        case ABS_BRAKE:
          if (_device_class == DeviceClass::gamepad) {
            axis = InputDevice::Axis::left_trigger;
            have_analog_triggers = true;
          } else {
            axis = InputDevice::Axis::brake;
          }
          break;
        case ABS_HAT0X:
          if (emulate_dpad) {
            _dpad_x_axis = i;
            _dpad_left_button = (int)_buttons.size();
            if (_device_class == DeviceClass::gamepad) {
              _buttons.push_back(ButtonState(GamepadButton::dpad_left()));
              _buttons.push_back(ButtonState(GamepadButton::dpad_right()));
            } else {
              _buttons.push_back(ButtonState(GamepadButton::hat_left()));
              _buttons.push_back(ButtonState(GamepadButton::hat_right()));
            }
            _buttons[_dpad_left_button]._state = S_up;
            _buttons[_dpad_left_button+1]._state = S_up;
          }
          break;
        case ABS_HAT0Y:
          if (emulate_dpad) {
            _dpad_y_axis = i;
            _dpad_up_button = (int)_buttons.size();
            if (_device_class == DeviceClass::gamepad) {
              _buttons.push_back(ButtonState(GamepadButton::dpad_up()));
              _buttons.push_back(ButtonState(GamepadButton::dpad_down()));
            } else {
              _buttons.push_back(ButtonState(GamepadButton::hat_up()));
              _buttons.push_back(ButtonState(GamepadButton::hat_down()));
            }
            _buttons[_dpad_up_button]._state = S_up;
            _buttons[_dpad_up_button+1]._state = S_up;
          }
          break;
        case ABS_HAT2X:
          if (quirks & QB_steam_controller) {
            axis = InputDevice::Axis::right_trigger;
            have_analog_triggers = true;
          }
          break;
        case ABS_HAT2Y:
          if (quirks & QB_steam_controller) {
            axis = InputDevice::Axis::left_trigger;
            have_analog_triggers = true;
          }
          break;
        case ABS_PRESSURE:
          axis = InputDevice::Axis::pressure;
          break;
        }
 
        // Check the initial value and ranges.
        struct input_absinfo absinfo;
        if (ioctl(_fd, EVIOCGABS(i), &absinfo) >= 0) {
          int index;
          // We'd like to reverse the Y axis to match the XInput behavior.
          // Also reverse the yaw axis to match right-hand coordinate system.
          // Also T.Flight Hotas X throttle is reversed and can go backwards.
          if (axis == Axis::yaw || axis == Axis::rudder || axis == Axis::left_y || axis == Axis::right_y ||
              (axis == Axis::throttle && (quirks & QB_reversed_throttle) != 0) ||
              (_device_class == DeviceClass::spatial_mouse && (axis == Axis::y || axis == Axis::z || axis == Axis::roll)) ||
              (_device_class == DeviceClass::digitizer && axis == Axis::y)) {
            std::swap(absinfo.maximum, absinfo.minimum);
          }
          if (axis == Axis::throttle && (quirks & QB_centered_throttle) != 0) {
            index = add_axis(axis, absinfo.minimum, absinfo.maximum, true);
          } else {
            index = add_axis(axis, absinfo.minimum, absinfo.maximum);
          }
          axis_changed(index, absinfo.value);
          _axis_indices[i] = index;
 
          if (absinfo.value != 0) {
            all_values_zero = false;
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
 
  if (test_bit(EV_REL, evtypes)) {
    enable_feature(Feature::pointer);
    add_pointer(PointerType::unknown, 0);
  }
 
  if (test_bit(EV_FF, evtypes)) {
    uint8_t effects[(FF_MAX + 8) >> 3] = {0};
    ioctl(_fd, EVIOCGBIT(EV_FF, sizeof(effects)), effects);
 
    if (test_bit(FF_RUMBLE, effects)) {
      if (_can_write) {
        enable_feature(Feature::vibration);
      } else {
        // Let the user know what he's missing out on.
        device_cat.warning()
          << "/dev/input/event" << _index << " is not writable, vibration "
          << "effects will be unavailable.\n";
      }
    }
  }
 
  if (_ltrigger_code >= 0 && _rtrigger_code >= 0 && !have_analog_triggers) {
    // Emulate analog triggers.
    _ltrigger_axis = (int)_axes.size();
    add_axis(Axis::left_trigger, 0, 1, false);
    add_axis(Axis::right_trigger, 0, 1, false);
  } else {
    _ltrigger_code = -1;
    _rtrigger_code = -1;
  }
 
  char path[64];
  char buffer[256];
  const char *parent = "";
  sprintf(path, "/sys/class/input/event%zd/device/device/../product", _index);
  FILE *f = fopen(path, "r");
  if (!f) {
    parent = "../";
    sprintf(path, "/sys/class/input/event%zd/device/device/%s../product", _index, parent);
    f = fopen(path, "r");
  }
  if (f) {
    if (fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), f) != nullptr) {
      buffer[strcspn(buffer, "\r\n")] = 0;
      if (buffer[0] != 0) {
        _name.assign(buffer);
      }
    }
    fclose(f);
  }
  sprintf(path, "/sys/class/input/event%zd/device/device/%s../manufacturer", _index, parent);
  f = fopen(path, "r");
  if (f) {
    if (fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), f) != nullptr) {
      buffer[strcspn(buffer, "\r\n")] = 0;
      _manufacturer.assign(buffer);
    }
    fclose(f);
  }
  sprintf(path, "/sys/class/input/event%zd/device/device/%s../serial", _index, parent);
  f = fopen(path, "r");
  if (f) {
    if (fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), f) != nullptr) {
      buffer[strcspn(buffer, "\r\n")] = 0;
      _serial_number.assign(buffer);
    }
    fclose(f);
  }
 
  // Special-case fix for Xbox 360 Wireless Receiver: the Linux kernel
  // driver always reports 4 connected gamepads, regardless of the number
  // of gamepads actually present.  This hack partially remedies this.
  if (all_values_zero && (quirks & QB_connect_if_nonzero) != 0) {
    _is_connected = false;
  } else {
    _is_connected = true;
  }
  return true;
}
 
/**
 * Reads a number of events from the device.  Returns true if events were read,
 * meaning this function should keep being called until it returns false.
 */
bool EvdevInputDevice::
process_events() {
  // Read 8 events at a time.
  struct input_event events[8];
 
  int n_read = read(_fd, events, sizeof(events));
  if (n_read < 0) {
    if (errno == EAGAIN || errno == EWOULDBLOCK) {
      // No data available for now.
 
    } else if (errno == ENODEV || errno == EINVAL) {
      // The device ceased to exist, so we better close it.  No need
      // to worry about removing it from the InputDeviceManager, as it
      // will get an inotify event sooner or later about this.
      close(_fd);
      _fd = -1;
      //_is_connected = false;
      errno = 0;
 
    } else {
      device_cat.error() << "read: " << strerror(errno) << "\n";
    }
    return false;
  }
 
  if (n_read == 0) {
    return false;
  }
 
  n_read /= sizeof(struct input_event);
 
  int rel_x = 0;
  int rel_y = 0;
  double time = ClockObject::get_global_clock()->get_frame_time();
  int index;
 
  // It seems that some devices send a single EV_SYN event when being
  // unplugged.  Boo.  Ignore it.
  if (n_read == 1 && events[0].code == EV_SYN) {
    return false;
  }
 
  for (int i = 0; i < n_read; ++i) {
    int code = events[i].code;
 
    switch (events[i].type) {
    case EV_SYN:
      break;
 
    case EV_REL:
      if (code == REL_X) rel_x += events[i].value;
      if (code == REL_Y) rel_y += events[i].value;
      break;
 
    case EV_ABS:
      if (code == _dpad_x_axis) {
        button_changed(_dpad_left_button, events[i].value < 0);
        button_changed(_dpad_left_button+1, events[i].value > 0);
      } else if (code == _dpad_y_axis) {
        button_changed(_dpad_up_button, events[i].value < 0);
        button_changed(_dpad_up_button+1, events[i].value > 0);
      }
      if (code >= 0 && (size_t)code < _axis_indices.size()) {
        index = _axis_indices[code];
        if (index >= 0) {
          axis_changed(index, events[i].value);
        }
      }
      else if (device_cat.is_debug()) {
        device_cat.debug()
          << "Ignoring EV_ABS event with unknown code " << code << "\n";
      }
      break;
 
    case EV_KEY:
      if (code >= 0 && (size_t)code < _button_indices.size()) {
        index = _button_indices[code];
        if (index >= 0) {
          button_changed(index, events[i].value != 0);
        }
        if (code == _ltrigger_code) {
          axis_changed(_ltrigger_axis, events[i].value);
        } else if (code == _rtrigger_code) {
          axis_changed(_ltrigger_axis + 1, events[i].value);
        }
      }
      else if (device_cat.is_debug()) {
        device_cat.debug()
          << "Ignoring EV_KEY event with unknown code " << code << "\n";
      }
      break;
 
    default:
      //cerr << "event " << events[i].type << " - " << events[i].code << " - " << events[i].value << "\n";
      break;
    }
  }
 
  if (rel_x != 0 || rel_y != 0) {
    pointer_moved(0, rel_x, rel_y, time);
  }
 
  return true;
}
 
/**
 * Static function to map an evdev code to a ButtonHandle.
 */
ButtonHandle EvdevInputDevice::
map_button(int code, DeviceClass device_class, int quirks) {
  if (code >= 0 && code < 0x80) {
    // See linux/input.h for the source of this mapping.
    static const ButtonHandle keyboard_map[] = {
      ButtonHandle::none(),
      KeyboardButton::escape(),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('1'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('2'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('3'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('4'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('5'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('6'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('7'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('8'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('9'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('0'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('-'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('='),
      KeyboardButton::backspace(),
      KeyboardButton::tab(),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('q'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('w'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('e'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('r'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('t'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('y'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('u'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('i'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('o'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('p'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('['),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key(']'),
      KeyboardButton::enter(),
      KeyboardButton::lcontrol(),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('a'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('s'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('d'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('f'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('g'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('h'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('j'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('k'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('l'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key(';'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('\''),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('`'),
      KeyboardButton::lshift(),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('\\'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('z'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('x'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('c'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('v'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('b'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('n'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('m'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key(','),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('.'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('/'),
      KeyboardButton::rshift(),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('*'),
      KeyboardButton::lalt(),
      KeyboardButton::space(),
      KeyboardButton::caps_lock(),
      KeyboardButton::f1(),
      KeyboardButton::f2(),
      KeyboardButton::f3(),
      KeyboardButton::f4(),
      KeyboardButton::f5(),
      KeyboardButton::f6(),
      KeyboardButton::f7(),
      KeyboardButton::f8(),
      KeyboardButton::f9(),
      KeyboardButton::f10(),
      KeyboardButton::num_lock(),
      KeyboardButton::scroll_lock(),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('7'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('8'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('9'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('-'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('4'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('5'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('6'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('+'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('1'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('2'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('3'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('0'),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('.'),
      ButtonHandle::none(),
      ButtonHandle::none(),
      ButtonHandle::none(),
      KeyboardButton::f11(),
      KeyboardButton::f12(),
      ButtonHandle::none(),
      ButtonHandle::none(),
      ButtonHandle::none(),
      ButtonHandle::none(),
      ButtonHandle::none(),
      ButtonHandle::none(),
      ButtonHandle::none(),
      KeyboardButton::enter(),
      KeyboardButton::rcontrol(),
      KeyboardButton::ascii_key('/'),
      KeyboardButton::print_screen(),
      KeyboardButton::ralt(),
      ButtonHandle::none(),
      KeyboardButton::home(),
      KeyboardButton::up(),
      KeyboardButton::page_up(),
      KeyboardButton::left(),
      KeyboardButton::right(),
      KeyboardButton::end(),
      KeyboardButton::down(),
      KeyboardButton::page_down(),
      KeyboardButton::insert(),
      KeyboardButton::del(),
      ButtonHandle::none(),
      ButtonHandle::none(),
      ButtonHandle::none(),
      ButtonHandle::none(),
      ButtonHandle::none(),
      ButtonHandle::none(),
      ButtonHandle::none(),
      KeyboardButton::pause(),
      ButtonHandle::none(),
      ButtonHandle::none(),
      ButtonHandle::none(),
      ButtonHandle::none(),
      ButtonHandle::none(),
      KeyboardButton::lmeta(),
      KeyboardButton::rmeta(),
      KeyboardButton::menu(),
    };
    return keyboard_map[code];
 
  } else if (code == KEY_BACK) {
    // Used by NVIDIA Shield Controller
    return GamepadButton::back();
 
  } else if (code == KEY_SEARCH) {
    // Used by NVIDIA Shield Controller
    return GamepadButton::guide();
 
  } else if (code < 0x100) {
    return ButtonHandle::none();
 
  } else if ((code & 0xfff0) == BTN_MOUSE) {
    // The number for these is reversed in Panda.
    if (code == BTN_RIGHT) {
      return MouseButton::three();
    } else if (code == BTN_MIDDLE) {
      return MouseButton::two();
    } else {
      return MouseButton::button(code - BTN_MOUSE);
    }
 
  } else if ((code & 0xfff0) == BTN_JOYSTICK) {
    if (quirks & QB_steam_controller) {
      // BTN_THUMB and BTN_THUMB2 detect touching the touchpads.
      return ButtonHandle::none();
 
    } else if (device_class == DeviceClass::gamepad &&
               (quirks & QB_alt_button_mapping) != 0) {
      static const ButtonHandle mapping[] = {
        GamepadButton::face_y(),
        GamepadButton::face_b(),
        GamepadButton::face_a(),
        GamepadButton::face_x(),
        GamepadButton::lshoulder(),
        GamepadButton::rshoulder(),
        GamepadButton::ltrigger(),
        GamepadButton::rtrigger(),
        GamepadButton::back(),
        GamepadButton::start(),
        GamepadButton::lstick(),
        GamepadButton::rstick(),
      };
      if ((code & 0xf) < 12) {
        return mapping[code & 0xf];
      }
 
    } else if (device_class == DeviceClass::gamepad) {
      // Based on "Jess Tech Colour Rumble Pad"
      static const ButtonHandle mapping[] = {
        GamepadButton::face_x(),
        GamepadButton::face_y(),
        GamepadButton::face_a(),
        GamepadButton::face_b(),
        GamepadButton::lshoulder(),
        GamepadButton::ltrigger(),
        GamepadButton::rshoulder(),
        GamepadButton::rtrigger(),
        GamepadButton::back(),
        GamepadButton::start(),
        GamepadButton::lstick(),
        GamepadButton::rstick(),
      };
      if ((code & 0xf) < 12) {
        return mapping[code & 0xf];
      }
    } else {
      return GamepadButton::joystick(code & 0xf);
    }
  }
 
  switch (code) {
  case BTN_A:
    return GamepadButton::face_a();
 
  case BTN_B:
    return GamepadButton::face_b();
 
  case BTN_C:
    return GamepadButton::face_c();
 
  case BTN_X:
    return GamepadButton::face_x();
 
  case BTN_Y:
    return GamepadButton::face_y();
 
  case BTN_Z:
    return GamepadButton::face_z();
 
  case BTN_TL:
    return GamepadButton::lshoulder();
 
  case BTN_TR:
    return GamepadButton::rshoulder();
 
  case BTN_TL2:
    return GamepadButton::ltrigger();
 
  case BTN_TR2:
    return GamepadButton::rtrigger();
 
  case BTN_1:
    return GamepadButton::face_1();
 
  case BTN_2:
    return GamepadButton::face_2();
 
  case BTN_SELECT:
  case KEY_PREVIOUS:
    return GamepadButton::back();
 
  case BTN_START:
  case KEY_NEXT:
    return GamepadButton::start();
 
  case BTN_MODE:
    return GamepadButton::guide();
 
  case BTN_THUMBL:
    return GamepadButton::lstick();
 
  case BTN_THUMBR:
    return GamepadButton::rstick();
 
  case BTN_DPAD_LEFT:
  case BTN_TRIGGER_HAPPY1:
    return GamepadButton::dpad_left();
 
  case BTN_DPAD_RIGHT:
  case BTN_TRIGGER_HAPPY2:
    return GamepadButton::dpad_right();
 
  case BTN_DPAD_UP:
  case BTN_TRIGGER_HAPPY3:
    return GamepadButton::dpad_up();
 
  case BTN_DPAD_DOWN:
  case BTN_TRIGGER_HAPPY4:
    return GamepadButton::dpad_down();
 
  // The next two are for the Steam Controller's grip buttons.
  case BTN_GEAR_DOWN:
    return GamepadButton::lgrip();
 
  case BTN_GEAR_UP:
    return GamepadButton::rgrip();
 
  default:
    return ButtonHandle::none();
  }
}
 
#endif